Effect of Ketorolac and Nimesulide Combination on Surgical Pain, Stomach and Kidneys

IŞIK B., SÜLEYMAN B., MAMMADOV R., Bulut S., Yavuzer B., ALTUNER D., ...Daha Fazla

Latin American Journal of Pharmacy, cilt.42, sa.1, ss.36-45, 2023 (SCI-Expanded) identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 42 Sayı: 1
  • Basım Tarihi: 2023
  • Dergi Adı: Latin American Journal of Pharmacy
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, BIOSIS, EMBASE, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.36-45
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: ketorolac, kidney, nimesulide, pain, stomach
  • Erzincan Binali Yıldırım Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Ketorolac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibition from the therapeutic effects of NSAIDs and COX-1 inhibition from toxic effects are held responsible. It is known that nimesulide has formed a protective effect by inhibiting the decrease in COX-1 activity and the increase in COX-2 activity. In this study animals were divided into healthy (HG), paw-scalpel incision (PSI) control (PSIC), PSI+nimesulide (PSIN), PSI+ketorolac (PSIK), and PSI+nimesulide+ketorolac (PSI+NKC) administered groups. Nimesulide was administered orally(50 mg/kg), and ketorolac was administered intra-peritoneally(5 mg/kg). Nimesulide and ketorolac showed similar analgesia (p = 0.194), while NKC provided the best analgesia (p < 0.001). Nimesulide inhibited the increase of oxidant and COX-2 in gastric tissue and increased antioxidant and COX-1 levels, protecting the stomach tissue from ketorolac damage(p < 0.01). In addition, NKC reduced the area and number of ketorolac-induced gastric ulcers in the stomach (p<0.001). Nimesulide also prevented ketorolac-induced renal dysfunction (p < 0.001).